考研英语时文赏读：中美贸易战将对全球企业产生冲击

考研英语来源：同源外刊 2019-05-19　

From the world’s biggest miners to German car makers and Japanese manufacturers of iridescent powder for cosmetics, producers around the world are bracing for collateral damage as the US escalates its tariff fight with China.

从全球最大的矿产商到德国汽车制造商，再到日本彩妆生产商，全世界的生产企业都在为美国对华关税战升级可能引发的池鱼之殃做准备。

The Trump administration raised tariffs Friday on $200 billion of Chinese goods, sending tremors beyond the world’s two leading economies through Asia and Europe.

特朗普政府已决定从周五起对2,000亿美元中国商品征收25%的关税，受到震动的不只是美国和中国这两个全球最大的经济体，整个亚洲和欧洲都被裹挟其中。

The increase from 10% hits thousands of Chinese products in categories as disparate as seafood, metals and machinery. Consumer products being hit are as varied as laptops, handbags and cosmetics.

此次被加征关税的中国商品覆盖了从海产品到金属再到机械聘等多达数千个品种，这些商品的关税将从10%上调到25%。从笔记本电脑到手袋再到化妆品，受影响的消费品不一而足。

Beijing has said it is weighing retaliation, which would likely target US industries including agriculture and energy.

北京方面表示正在考虑采取反制措施，矛头可能针对农业和能源等产品。

Globalized trade means the bilateral spat is dealing a blow to economic growth world-wide. The International Monetary Fund in April reduced its growth forecast for 2019 to 3.3%, down from 3.6% last year, and said trade tensions could weigh on it further.

在贸易全球化背景下，双边贸易争端已经对整体经济增长造成冲击。国际货币基金组织在4月份将2019年全球经济增长预期从去年预计的3.6%下调至3.3%，并表示贸易摩擦可能会进一步抑制全球经济增长。

Countries affected by the US-China dispute include South Korea, which sends goods such as semiconductors and petrochemicals to China. Those goods are then incorporated into finished products that are shipped to the US South Korean exports, a quarter of which go to China, fell for the fifth straight month in April.

一些国家成为美中贸易争斗的牺牲品。韩国4月份出口连续第五个月下滑，该国向中国出口半导体和石化等中间品，这些产品在中国经过加工后再出口到美国。韩国对华出口占到其出口总额的四分之一。

Japanese electronics companies are similarly dependent on China to assemble their components. Electronics and auto-parts maker Panasonic Corp , which has factories in China, said the trade conflict sliced about $365 million from its operating profit for the year ended March 31. The company forecasts a further $91 million in damage in the current fiscal year.

日本电子产品公司也对中国颇为依赖，把中国作为零部件组装基地。这些公司担心关税将给利润带来冲击。在中国设有工厂的日本电子产品和汽车零部件生产商松下电器产业公司表示，截至本年度3月31日，贸易冲突将该公司2018财年利润拉低了约3.65亿美元，预计当前财年利润将被进一步拉低9,100万美元。

(全文共255个词，华尔街日报)

►重难点词汇：

iridescent adj. (因光线不同而)色彩斑斓的 adj. 彩虹色的 adj. 荧光色的

collateral adj. 并行的;旁系的;附属的 n. 抵押品;[法] 担保品;旁系亲属

escalate v. 逐步增强;使……加剧;升级，恶化;升高，增加;迅速增加，迅速增长

tremor n. [医] 震颤;颤动

disparate adj. 不同的;不相干的;全异的 n. 无法相比的东西

retaliation n. 报复;反击;回敬

bilateral adj. 双边的;有两边的

assemble vt. 集合，聚集;装配;收集 vi. 集合，聚集