2020考研英语阅读：摸清段落关系，单词认不全也不怕

考研英语来源：网络 2019-01-21　

考研英语，阅读是重点，这部分分值大一定要掌握。建议考生在有限时间内，多掌握一些提分技巧，掌握做题方法，强加训练。本文为2020考研的小伙伴们整理了英语阅读需要掌握的三种关系，希望助大家一臂之力!

一、顺接关系：即下文所述内容是对前文的进一步解释，与前句内容相近，相辅相成。

顺接关系通常由下列关系词连接：thus, therefore, similarly , first, second, third…last(ly), generally speaking, in other words等; 另外还有例证关系词：for example, for instance; 以及表总结关系的词，in conclusion, all in all, in a word等。2017考生需要注意的是当段落中无明显关系词时，通常视为顺承关系。这种关系在考研英语试题文章中出现的是最多的，需要从句意关联上判定出来。例如试题中的这段话，句间全是顺承关系，第二句和第三句是对第一句的解释，第五句是对第四句的解释。

It’s a rough world out there. Step outside and you could break a leg slipping on your doormat. Light up the stove and you could burn down the house. Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes.

二、因果关系：因果关系的句子是描述两个事物之间的内在关联，往往是出题考察的重点。

要快速的识别因果关系，首先要了解考研英语中常见的因果关系词：because, since, as, for, due to, owing to, thanks to, contribute to, attribute to, in that等。有时候文章中虽然没有出现表示因果关系的标志性词语，但是在逻辑上也存在着因果关系，这个时候考生就需要自己进行判断和推理。例如下文：第一句话中分词结构Feeling threatened就表示原因;第二句话就是第一句的结果表现。

Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever longer warning labels, trying to anticipate every possible accident. Today, stepladders carry labels several inches long that warn, among other things, that you might—surprise!—fall off. The label on a child’s Batman cape cautions that the toy “does not enable user to fly”.

三、转折关系：表明下文内容与前文之间是相反关系，相互对立。

考研英语中常见的表转折的关系词有：however, yet, but, while, nevertheless, nonetheless, despite等。区分句间是属于顺承关系还是转折关系，主要看文中是否有转折词，没有则为顺承关系，有则为转折关系。如下文：

While warnings are often appropriate and necessary—the dangers of drug interactions, for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn’t clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.

总之，考研英语阅读对速度的要求是很高的，考生要提高自己的阅读速度，就必须具备区分句间关系的能力。这样才能快速抓住文章的重点信息句，快速匹配题目。这种能力的培养需要一个渐进的过程，关键还是多分析试题，养成划重点句的习惯。