2019考研英语冲刺：哪些写作技巧可提分

考研英语来源：万学海文 2018-11-28　

在11月末到12月中旬期间，英语写作大家需掌握“研习、仿写”的黄金复习法则。

一、研习

研习主要侧重两个方面，包括文章章法和语言表达。文章章法指文章的行文思路、布局谋篇、结构安排、逻辑顺序。许多考研学子面对一个话题，可能存在两种不同的困惑，一是下笔千言，但离题万里;二是思绪万千，却无从落笔。所谓研习，需要有独立思考和个人的判断，本着“他山之石，可以攻玉”的精神，汲取文章的精华部分加以研究。下面就一篇文章给大家进行以下研习的练习。

Directions:

Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should

1) describe the drawing briefly,

2) explain its intended meaning, and

3) give your comments.

You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)

【高分范文】

Water used to be mistaken to be an unlimited and renewable resource. Actually, water resource is very limited and precious. It is fortunate that now the public is starting to pay attention①. Just as is depicted in the picture, just like saving money, the lovely and smiling piggy bank is collecting every drop of water falling from the water tap.

However, water shortage is still a serious problem threatening the existence and survival of the whole human being, and yet the phenomenon of wasting water can still easily be found anywhere in our daily life②. For example, water taps are frequently left on by careless users. Someone even assumes that they have the right to waste water because they pay for it so that it has nothing to do with others. In fact, so precious is water that we cannot afford to waste it③. Water resource is indispensable④ not only in our daily life but also in the industry and agriculture. And water is the wealth of the whole mankind, and it is hard to imagine what the world would be like⑤ when there is no more water.

Even though an increasing number of people have become aware of⑥ this emergency, further measures still need to be taken. On the macro level, the whole world should make a joint effort to fight against waste of water. On the micro level, publicizing activities, such as broadcasting wonderful ways on how to save water on TV and other media, should be conducted. To store water means to store happiness and only by saving water can we save a better life for our offspring.

【佳作翻译】

水资源一度被误认为是一种无限的可再生资源，实际上，水资源是非常有限且宝贵的。有幸的是现在公众开始关注这一问题了。如图所示，一只可爱的快乐小猪存钱罐积攒着水龙头里流出的每一滴水，就像存钱一样。

然而，水资源短缺问题仍然威胁着全人类的生存和发展。浪费水的现象在日常生活中仍然随处可见。例如，经常有粗心大意者忘记关水龙头。更有甚者认为自己缴了水费就有权浪费，与他人无关。事实上，水资源不仅在生活中必不可少，在工农业生产中也是不可或缺的。水资源是全人类共同的财富，很难想象当没有水的时候世界会是什么样子。

虽然越来越多的人已经认识到了这种紧迫性，但是仍然要采取进一步的措施。从宏观层面上讲，全世界应该共同努力反对浪费水。从微观层面上讲，要进行广泛的宣传活动。比如在电视台播出关于如何节水的节目。节约用水就是存储幸福，只有节约用水才能为子孙后代存储更好的生活。

【佳作研习】

① It is fortunate that now the public is starting to pay attention: 来自于 2005 年阅读真题，原句是这样的：Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention。历年真题是一座巨大的宝库，广大考生一定要学会充分利用这宝贵的资源!

② 第二段开头，用了一个转折词，也就是“起承转合”中的所谓的“转”，把这篇作文改造成了一篇社会问题型作文，也就是大家最擅长写的作文。

③ In fact, so precious is water that we cannot afford to waste it: 倒装句，表语提前，句子倒装。

倒装句写法：

第一步：写正常原句：Water is so precious that we cannot afford to waste it。

第二步：表语 precious 提前。

第三步：主谓倒置，变成 So precious is water that we cannot afford to waste it。普通的 so…that…句型，也能被化腐朽为神奇，成为钻石加分句型!

④ indispensable: 不可或缺的，替换 important 的一个很好的词汇。

顺便讲一个英译汉的技巧：大家可以看到，在译文中，这句话被翻译两次：必不可少、不可或缺。因为原文中出现了：not only…but also，所以这个单词被拆开翻译成了两个近义词，以使行文更加通顺。

⑤ what the world would be like：注意宾语从句必须用陈述语序。

⑥ become aware of: 意识到。意思和用法都等同于 be conscious of。后边接词语。

二、仿写

当我们对上面这篇文章经过了认真的研习之后，在自己写文章时，应有意识地调用以前的积累，正向迁移，融入自己的写作，包括语言表达、文章章法、写作技巧等，最终达到学以致用的目的。包括大家生活中见到优秀的表达，比如：Not that I loved Caesar less， but that I loved Rome more. (不是我爱凯撒浅，而是我爱罗马深。)这样的经典名句，当写作有关英语学习的文章时不妨模仿这个句式： Not that we can’t master English， but that we have not been willing to take pains.(不是我们不能掌握英语，而是我们不愿付出努力。) 模仿与借鉴为写作所必须。

总之，Good writing favors the prepared mind.(好的写作总是照顾那些有准备的人)。