2018年考研英语冲刺必备：近十年高频短语200个

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►经济贸易类

1.改革产业结构 reform the structure of industries

2. 亏损企业 loss-making enterprises

3. 搞活企业 enliven enterprises

4. 加快现代化步伐 quicken the modernization drive

5. 跨国公司 transnational corporation / multinational corporation

6. 解放生产力 emancipate/ liberate productivity

7.振兴国家经济 invigorate our state economy

8.全面深化改革 deepen reform all round

9.提高经济效益 improve economic results

10.宏观经济调控 macro-economic control and management

11. 经济实力 economic strength

12. 经营机制 operative mechanism

13. 整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order

14. 引进竞争机制 introduce a competitive mechanism

15. 建立技术密集型企业 set up technologically-intensive enterprises

16. 招商引资 canvass business and introduce investment

17. 房地产 real estate

18. 经济特区 special economic zone

19. 基础设施 infrastructure facilities

20. 豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects

21. 投资热点 investment hot spot

22. 外向型经济 export-oriented economy

23. 按劳分配 distribute according to the work performance

24. 打破平均主义 break / abandon equalitarian

25. 沿海开放城市 open coastal cities

26. 国民生产总值 Gross National Product

27. 扶贫项目 anti-poverty project

28. 协调发展 coordinate the development

29. 住房改革 housing reform

30. 社会保障体系 social security system

31. 数字时代 digital times

32. 信息高速公路 the information superhighway

33. 虚拟社区 virtual communities

34. 市场萧条 slack market

35. 假冒伪劣商品 fake and poor quality commodities

36. 谋取暴力 reap colossal profits

37. 投诉 lodge complaint

38. 贸易争端 trade disputes

39. 乱收费 random charges

40. 市场疲软 sluggish market

41. 实行优惠政策 launch a preferential policy

42. 繁荣市场 flourish the market

43. 加入世贸组织 accession to the WTO/ entry into the WTO

44. 消费者协会 consumer’s association

45. 消费者购买力 consumer purchasing power

46. 新兴市场 emerging market

47. 抑制消费 control / inhibit consumption

48. 无形资产 intangible assets

49. 有形资产 tangible assets

50. 市场占有率 market share

51. 严重违约 grave breach of contract

52. 泡沫经济 bubble economy

53. 品牌效应 brand effect

54. 企业重组 reshuffle of enterprises

55. 贸易壁垒 trade barrier

56. 人才流失 brain drain

57. 商业炒作 commercial speculation

58. 扩大内需，刺激消费 expand domestic demand and consumption

59. 拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth

60. 连锁反应 chain reaction / domino effect

61. 竞争优势 competitive edge

62. 经济结构调整 economic restructuring

63. 经济增长点 economic growth point ; growth engine

64. 经济过热 overheated economy

65. 分期付款 installment payment

66. 从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy

67. 不良贷款 non-performing loan

68. 促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy

69. 脱贫致富 shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to prosperity

70. 资源优化配置 optimizing the allocation of resources

►政治类

71. 不正之风 bad / harmful practice

72. 霸权主义 hegemonism

73. 奔小康 strive for a better-off life

74. 持续发展 sustainable development

75. 社会主义物质文明 socialist material wellbeing

76. 社会主义精神文明 socialist culture and ideology

77. 实现中华民族伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

78. 发展是硬道理 Development is an invariable truth

79. 坚持四项基本原则 uphold the four cardinal principles

80. 多极化 multi-polarization

81. 科学技术是第一生产力 Science and technology are the primary productive force.

82. 机构臃肿 overstaffing in organization

83. 机构改革 institutional restructuring; streamlining

84. 反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government

85. 核心竞争力 core competitiveness

86. 减员增效 downsizing of staff and improving efficiency

87. 减轻农民负担 reduce farmer’s burdens; lighten the burden on them

88. 跨越式发展 great-leap-forward development

89. 民主集中制 democratic centralism

90. 讲诚信﹑反欺诈 honor credibility and oppose cheating

91. 强权外交 power diplomacy

92. 求同存异 seek common ground on major issues while shelving differences on minor ones

93. 综合国力 comprehensive national strength

94. 滥用权力 abuse one’s power; misuse one’s authority

95. 廉政建设 build a clean and honest government

96 思想僵硬 fossilized concept

97 拜金主义 money worship

98. 知识产权 intellectual property right

99. 走后门 get in by the back door / enter by the back door

100. 贪脏枉法 take bribes and bend the law

101. 以权谋私 abusing power for money

102. “一国两制”的原则 the principle of “one country, two systems:”

103. 全国人民代表大会 National People’s Congress

104. 与国际接轨 synchronize with the world; accord with international norms

105. 最低生活保障制度 systems for ensuring a minimum standard of living

106. 养老保险 endowment insurance

107. 以经济建设为中心 focus on the central task of economic construction

108. 实事求是 seek truth from facts

109. 试点工程 pilot project

110. 战略伙伴关系 strategic partnership

►教育与科学技术类

111. 素质教育 quality-oriented education

112. 启发式教学 heuristic education

113. 复合型人才 interdisciplinary talent

114. 九年制义务教务教育 nine-year compulsory education

115. 德智体美劳全面发展

all around development of moral, intellectual,physical,aesthetics and labor education

116. 因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude

117. 人才流失 brain drain

118. 陶冶情操 cultivate one’s taste and temperament

119. 学生减负 alleviate the burden on students

120. 学术交流 academic exchanges

121. 德才兼备 have both political integrity and ability

122. 攻读硕士学位 study for a doctoral degree

123. 文科生 students of liberal arts

124. 理科生 students of science

125. 爱国主义教育 education in patriotism

126. 毕业论文 graduation thesis

127. 义务教育 compulsory education

128. 高等教育 higher education

129. 教育部 Ministry of Education

130. 世界观﹑人生观﹑价值观 word outlook, outlook on life and values

131. 科教兴国 rely on science, technology and education to rejuvenate the nation

132. 可持续发展战略 strategy of sustainable development

133. 技术密集型产品 technology-intensive product

134. 新兴学科 new branch of science

135. 边缘学科 frontier science

136. 电脑病毒 computer viruses

137. 电子商务 e-commerce; e-business

138. 数字地球 digital globe

139. 人工智能 artificial intelligence

140. 网上犯罪 cyber crime

141. 信息高速公路 information highland

142. 网民 netizen

143. 虚拟现实 virtual reality

144. 基因工程 genetic engineering

145. “神舟六号”载人飞船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou VI

146. 网络经济 cyber-economy

147. 网虫 netter; Internet geek

148. 网恋 cyber romance; virtual romance

149. 科技扶贫 support poor areas using technology

150. 科研攻关 work towards key technological breakthroughs

►文化社会生活类

151. 彩票 lottery ticket

152. 保健食品 health-care food

153. 暴发户 new rich; upstart

154. 下岗工人 laid-off workers

155. 人口老龄化 aging/ graying population

156. 人口高峰 baby boom

157. 人口负增长 negative population growth

158. 再就业工程 re-employment project

159. 自由职业者 free lancer

160. 性别歧视 sexual discrimination

161. 性价比 cost performance

162. 水货 smuggled goods

163. 文化渗透 cultural infiltration

164. 跳槽 job-hopping

165. 公益广告 public-interest advertisement

166. 出国热 craze for going abroad

167. 社会福利制度 the social welfare system

168. 享受公费医疗 enjoy public health care

169. 世界卫生组织 World Health Organization (WHO)

170. 吸毒者 a drug addict

171.传销 pyramid-selling; multi-level marketing

172. 流动人口 moving population

173. 黄昏恋 twilight love

174. 贺岁片 New Year film

175. 记者招待会 press/ news conference

►环境法律医疗类等

176. 温室效应 green-house effect

177. 沙漠化 desertification

178. 过度放牧 overgrazing

179. 过度捕鱼 over-fishing

180. 滥砍乱伐 clear-cutting

181. 退耕还林 return cultivated land to forest

182. 沙尘暴 sand storm

183. 生态危机 ecological forest

184. 破坏生态平衡 destroy / upset the ecological balance

185. 自然保护区 nature reserve

186. 环境绿化 environmental greening

187. 禽流感 bird flu

188. 疯牛病 mad cow disease/ BSE

189. 口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease

190. 非典 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

191. 偷税﹑骗税 tax evasion and tax fraud

192. 扫黄打非 eliminate pornography and illegal publications

193. 严打斗争 strike-hard campaign

194. 公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序

a new and rational new international political and economic order

195. 外交纷争 diplomatic disputes

196. 维护世界和平 safeguard world peace

197. 国际惯例 international common practice

198. 民族分裂主义 ethnic separatism

199. 宗教极端主义 religious extremism

200. 世界的基本格局 basic world pattern