2017考研英语：转折关系在阅读中的运用

考研英语来源：中公考研 2016-08-12　

高频出现的转折词其实并不是很多，主要是but、however、yet、nevertheless、nonetheless这五个。如果文章首段出现这些词，那同学们可要引起重视了。转折关系除了可以帮助破解主旨大意题，我们还可以通过它解决词义句意题。由于词义句意题是针对全文某处细节处命题，所以能够用于解决词义句意题的的转折连词就远非这么五个。我们将语义的转折主要分为两类：转折和让步。

一，转折(but、yet、however、rather than、in fact、after all、unforunately、nevertheless、nonetheless、instead(of)、无标识)
The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.
这段话节选自2006年考研英语真题Text2的para4.文章后在此命制了词义句意题28.By saying “Stratford cries poor traditionally” (Line 2-3, Paragraph 4), the author implies that ________.讲Stratford有哭穷的传统，作者暗含了什么?那么解决这道题，我们就可以从紧跟其后的nevertheless入手，后文指出这个小镇上的每一个旅馆都开了分店或是新建了吧台。希尔顿酒店也在这儿建了宾馆，装饰豪华，价格不菲等等，句句都在表明它实际上并不穷。所以这道题的正确选项应该是 [C] the town is not really short of money。解决这道题，我们就要从语义转折处入手。

二，让步(while、although、even though/if、despite、in spite of、though、even)
说到让步，不少同学并不是很清楚。因为汉语中的让步，是一种妥协和退让。但是在英语中“让步转折不分家”，所以我们也把它视为一种语义上的转折。同样得，它在我们解决词义句意题中也发挥着重要的作用。
In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of deference” characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered “vast s of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act.” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.
这段话同样选自2006年考研英语真题，位于文章开篇。但是并没有在此设置主旨大意题，考察了大家一个词汇的含义。题目是这样的21.The word “homogenizing” (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means ________.如果同学们在基础阶段，词根词缀学习的比较好的话，通过分解，可以大致猜测出它的意思，但是我们也可以通过语义关系来解决这道词义句意题。In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people.(尽管无休止的谈论着不同，美国社会是一个令人惊喜的机器，用于homogenizing人们。)在这句话中，In spite of引导的是让步状语从句，之前咱们就说过，“让步转折不分家”，让步也是一种转折，所以前面一直谈论的是不同之处，那么转折之后肯定是相同点，那么不难猜测homogenizing肯定于“相同”有关。纵观四个选项：[A] identifying[B] associating[C] assimilating[D] monopolizing，也就C选项与之相契合。当然这道题其实对于广大考生来说，其实还有一个难点，就是答案选项不认识。那么针对这种情况，同学们课下一定要多记忆和积累。世界上最痛苦的事莫过于：答案就放在我面前，但是我却不知道它在说什么。