2017考研英语阅读精选：62位超级富豪拥有全球一半的财产

考研英语来源：新东方网整理 2016-01-21　

The 62 richest people have as much wealth as half the world

62位超级富豪拥有全球一半的财富

The world’s 62 richest billionaires have as much wealth as the bottom half of the world’s population, according to a new report from Oxfam International.

据「国际乐施会」的调查，全球62名超级大富豪拥有的财富加总，占全球财富的一半。

The wealthiest have seen their net worth soar over the five years ending in 2015. Back in 2010, it took 388 mega-rich people to own as much as half the world.

在截至2015年的过去5年间，富豪的财富净值飙涨。2010年时，全球388名富豪的身家才能抵得全球一半的财富。

And the Top 1% own more than everyone else combined -- a milestone reached in 2015, a year earlier than Oxfam had predicted.

另外，全球最富有的、1%的人的财产总和，已经超过了剩下99%人口的财富加总。该里程碑事件比乐施会之前所预期的提前一年到来。

Oxfam released its annual report ahead of the World Economic Forum in the Swiss city of Davos, a yearly gathering of political and financial leaders. The study draws from the Forbes annual list of billionaires and Credit Suisse’s Global Wealth Databook.

乐施会在世界达沃斯论坛召开前夕发布了此份年报。达沃斯论坛是在瑞士的达沃斯举行的年度盛会(本年度为1/20-1/23)，全球的政治和经济领袖都会出席。乐施会的研究数据主要来源于福布斯年度富豪榜和瑞士信贷全球财富报告。

The anti-poverty group, whose leader co-chaired the forum last year, wants to call even more attention to the widening wealth divide. The top 62 saw their net worth rise by more half a trillion dollars between 2010 and 2015, while the 3.6 billion people in the bottom half of the heap lost a trillion dollars.

该扶贫机构的负责人曾担任2015年达沃斯经济论坛年会的联合主席，她呼吁对不断加大的财富鸿沟给予更多关注。2010-2015年间，全球最富62人拥有的财富增加了逾5000亿美元，而全球底部人口的一半——36亿人口则损失了一万亿美元。

Each group has $1.76 trillion.

目前两组人的财富相当，都为1.76万亿美元。

"Wealth is moving rapidly to concentrate at the tippy, tippy top of the pyramid," said Gawain Kripke, the director of policy and research at Oxfam America.

美国乐施会政策和研究主任Gawain Kripke表示，“财富正快速地向金字塔的塔尖聚集。”

The income gap between the richest and poorest is also growing. The poorest 20% of the world -- who live below the extreme poverty line, living on less than $1.90 a day -- barely saw their incomes budge between 1988 and 2011, while the most prosperous 10% enjoyed a 46% jump.

最穷和最富人口的收入差距也在不断拉大。全球最贫困的20%的人口生活在极端贫困线下，每天生活费不足1.90美元。在1988年至2011年间，这部分人口的收入几乎停滞不前，而最富的10%富人的收入却增加了46%。

"The global economy is not working to pull these people out of extremepoverty," said Deborah Hardoon, Oxfam’s deputy head of research.

乐施会研究部门副主管Deborah Hardoont称,“全球经济并没有使这些人摆脱极端贫困。”

A separate report published last year by the Pew Research Center found that poverty worldwide has fallen by nearly half over the past decade. Still, 71% of the world’s population remain low-income or poor, living off 10 dollars or less a day.

去年，皮尤研究中心发布的一个报告称，过去10年间全球贫困人口减少了近一半。但仍有71%的人口维持在低收入或贫困水平，即每天花费10美元或更少。

As for a global middle class, Pew called it more promise than reality. While the middle class has nearly doubled over the decade to 13% in 2011, it still represents a small fraction of the world’s population.

而对全球的中产阶级来说，皮尤研究中心称它比现实更有希望。截至2011年的过去十年间，中产阶级几乎增加了一倍至13%，但它仍只代表了世界人口的一小部分。

To help counter inequality, Oxfam is renewing its call for global leaders to crack down on tax havens, where the rich have socked away $7.6 trillion, the group estimates.

为了对抗不平等，乐施会再次呼吁全球领导人打击避税天堂。据该组织预估，富人将高达7.6万亿美元的财富隐藏在避税天堂。

Other things Oxfam is advocating: pay workers a living wage and protect workers’ right to unionize; end the gender pay gap and promote equal inheritance and land rights for women; minimize the power of big business and lobbyists on governments; shift the tax burden away from labor and consumption and towards wealth and capital gains, and use public spending to tackle inequality.

另外，该组织还呼吁：支付工人最低生活保障金，保护工人成立工会的权利;消除工资上的性别差距，促进女性享有平等的继承权和土地权利;将大企业财阀及其说客对政府的影响降到最小;将税负由劳动和消费转移至财富和资本收益，并使用公共支出来解决不平等。