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考研名师例句:状语从句英译汉方法解析
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fox9319
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发表于 2011-09-10 20:30
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英语状语从句包括表示时间、原因、条件、让步、目的等等各种从句。
  一、时间状语从句

1. 译成相应的时间状语

1)与原文顺序一致

While she spoke, the tearswere running down.

  她说话时,泪水直流。

2)后置改前置

Please turn off the lightwhen you leave the room.

  离屋时请关灯。

2.译成刚(一)…………”的句式:

When I reached the beach, Icollapsed.

  我一游到海滩,就昏倒了。

3.译成并列的分句:

1)译文前置

They set him free when hisransom had not yet been paid.

  他还没有交赎金,他们就把他释放了。

2)后置不变

I was about to speak whenMr. Smith cut in.

  我正想讲,史密斯先生就插嘴了。
  二、原因状语从句


1.译成表的分句:

1之前

The crops failed because theseason was dry.

  因为气候干旱,作物歉收。

2之前

She could get away withanything, because she looked such a baby.

  她能渡过任何风险,因为她看上去简直还像娃娃模样。

2.译成因果偏正复句中的主句:

Pure iron is not used inindustry because it is too soft.

  纯铁太软,所以不用在工业上。

Because he was convinced ofthe accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.

  他深信这件事正确可靠,因此坚持己见。

3.译成无关联词的因果关系并列分句:

Where there is sound, theremust be sound waves.

  哪里有声音,哪里就必有声波。
After all, it did not matter much, because in24 hours,they were going to be free.

  反正关系不大,24小时以后他们就自由了。
  三、表示条件的状语从句

1. 译成表示条件的分句,汉语一般前置:

When this question isanswered, even better and cheaper magnetic materials can be developed.

  如果这一问题得到解决,就能研制出更好、更便宜的磁性材料。

2.译成表示假设的分句,一般前置:

If one of them collapsed, asthey often did, the guide used to carry him over the mountains.

  如果其中一个人垮了,这种事常在他们中间发生,向导就要背着他过山,

3.译成补充说明情况的分句,一般后置:

You can drive tonight if youare ready.

  你今晚就可以出车,如果你愿意的话。
  四、表示让步的状语从句

1.译成表示让步的分句,一般前置:

While this is true of some,it is not true of all.

  虽有部分如此,但不见得全部如此。

I still think that you madea mistake while l admit what you say.

  就算你说得对,我仍认为你做错了。

1
译成表示无条件的条件分句,一般前置

Plugged into theintercommunication system, the man can now communicate with the


rest of the crew no matterwhat noise is going on about him
  不管周围是多么喧闹,插头一接上机内通话系统,他就能和同机其余的人通话。
五、表示目的的状语从句


1.译成表示目的的前置分句,常用为了省(免)得以免以便生怕等引导:

They stepped into ahelicopter and flew high in the sky in order that they might have a bird’s eyeview of the city .

  为了对这个城市作一鸟瞰,他们跨进直升机,凌空飞行。

1
译成表示目的的后置分句,常用省(免)得以免以便使得生伯等引导

The murderer ran away asfast as he could so that he might not be caught.

  凶手尽快地跑开,以免被人抓住。

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